PERFORMANCE OF THE DELTA MODULATION SYSTEM WITH VARIOUS DELTA STEP SIZES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33480/techno.v22i1.6474Keywords:
Analog to Digital Converter, Delta Modulation, Granular Noise, Low Bit-rate, Slope-overload DistortionAbstract
Delta Modulation Systems are widely used in Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) systems. This research aims to determine the optimal delta step size that can be achieved in a Delta Modulation system, as the system's performance is highly influenced by the delta step size. The method used involves simulations with MATLAB to identify the optimal delta step value. The performance of a Delta Modulation system is greatly influenced by the Delta step size. The optimal value in this study was achieved at a Delta step size of 0.4 with the smallest error, namely MSE = 0.1186. If the Delta step size is smaller or larger than this optimal value, the MSE increases. When the frequency of the input signal increases, the Delta step size needs to be increased to follow the changes in the input signal. Otherwise, the MSE will also increase, a phenomenon known as Slope-overload Distortion. Granular Noise occurs when the input signal changes very slowly or is almost constant, while the step size is too large, resulting in a high MSE. To overcome this problem, a dynamic Delta step size is needed, adjusted to the frequency changes of the input signal. Such a system with a dynamic Delta step size is known as Adaptive Delta Modulation.
References
Baluni, A. (2021). Analysis and Design of a 20-MHz Bandwidth Continuous-Time Delta-Sigma Modulator With Time-Interleaved Virtual-Ground-Switched FIR Feedback. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits ( Volume: 56, Issue: 3, March 2021), 729 - 738.
BOKMANS, B. F. (2024). A Delta-Sigma Modulated Power Converter With Inherent Zero-Voltage Switching. Power Electronics, https://pure.tue.nl/ws/portalfiles/portal/319222857/A_Delta-Sigma_Modulated_Power_Converter_With_Inherent_Zero-Voltage_Switching.pdf, 250-260.
Das, S. (2020). A Deterministic Study of Delta Modulation (DM) using Machine Learning Approach. Conference: 2020 4th International Conference on Electronics, Materials Engineering & Nano-Technology (IEMENTech).
Lumbreras, D. (2024). A Novel Three-Dimensional Sigma–Delta Modulation for High-Switching-Frequency Three-Phase Four-Wire Active Power Filters. Electronics, 1-16.
Mandal, S. (2024, May 22). Simulation of Delta Modulation (DM) using MATLAB. Diambil kembali dari mathworks web site: https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/120993-simulation-of-delta-modulation-dm-using-matlab
Microchip Technology. (2023). Understanding the function of analog-to-digital. URL https://www.microchip.com/en-us/.
Mingdong Fan, R. W. (2021). A High-Dynamic-Range Digital RF-Over-Fiber Link for MRI Receive Coils Using Delta-Sigma Modulation. arXiv, https://arxiv.org/pdf/2105.13305, 1-12.
Peric, Z., Denic, B., & Despotovic, V. (2021). Algorithm based on 2‐bit adaptive delta modulation and fractional linear prediction for Gaussian source coding. IET Signal Processing, https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1049/sil2.12040, 410-423.
Ram´ırez-L´opez, F. (2025). FPGA-based implementation of a delta modulation technique for aerospace communications transmission chain. International Conference on AeroSpace Science and Technology (ICASST) 2024, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/388787938_FPGA-based_implementation_of_a_delta_modulation_technique_for_aerospace_communications_transmission_chain#fullTextFileContent, 1-20.
Sudaradjat, D. (2023). Adaptive Delta Modulation Simulation and Analysis Using MatLab. Paradigma, https://jurnal.bsi.ac.id/index.php/paradigma/article/view/2151/1370, 89-93.
Suhendra, T. (2023). Effect of Pulse Width Modulation onProportional, Integral, and DerivativeCoefficient Characteristics. PROtek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro, 93-101.
Vlachos, A. (2021). Exploring the Effectiveness of Sigma-Delta Modulators in Stochastic Computing-Based FIR Filtering. IEEE Xplore.
Wai-Yiu Keung†, §. a.-K. (2024). Spatial Sigma-Delta Modulation for Coarsely Quantized Massive. arXiv, https://arxiv.org/pdf/2310.14179, 1-31.
XU, W. (2023). Parallel implement of real-time delta-sigma modulation for digital mobile fronthaul. Optics Express, https://opg.optica.org/oe/fulltext.cfm?uri=oe-31-26-44401&id=544504, 1-9.
Zhao, J. (2023). Enhancing the performance of 16384QAM based on delta-sigma modulation using geometric shaping in an IMDD system. Optica, https://opg.optica.org/ol/viewmedia.cfm?uri=ol-48-20-5253&seq=0, 5253-5256.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Djadjat Sudaradjat, Andi Rosano
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The copyright of any article in the TECHNO Nusa Mandiri Journal is fully held by the author under the Creative Commons CC BY-NC license. The copyright in each article belongs to the author. Authors retain all their rights to published works, not limited to the rights set out on this page. The author acknowledges that Techno Nusa Mandiri: Journal of Computing and Information Technology (TECHNO Nusa Mandiri) is the first to publish with a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC). Authors can enter articles separately, manage non-exclusive distribution, from manuscripts that have been published in this journal into another version (for example: sent to author affiliation respository, publication into books, etc.), by acknowledging that the manuscript was published for the first time in Techno Nusa Mandiri: Journal of Computing and Information Technology (TECHNO Nusa Mandiri); The author guarantees that the original article, written by the stated author, has never been published before, does not contain any statements that violate the law, does not violate the rights of others, is subject to the copyright which is exclusively held by the author. If an article was prepared jointly by more than one author, each author submitting the manuscript warrants that he has been authorized by all co-authors to agree to copyright and license notices (agreements) on their behalf, and agrees to notify the co-authors of the terms of this policy. Techno Nusa Mandiri: Journal of Computing and Information Technology (TECHNO Nusa Mandiri) will not be held responsible for anything that may have occurred due to the author's internal disputes.
