PERFORM COMPARATION OF DEEP LEARNING METHODS IN GENDER CLASSIFICATION FROM FACIAL IMAGES

Abstract

Identifying gender through facial images is a crucial aspect in various life contexts. Biometric technology, such as facial recognition, has become an integral part of various applications, including fraud detection, cybersecurity protection, and consumer behavior analysis.  With the advancement of technology and the progress in artificial intelligence, especially through the use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), computers can now identify gender from facial images with a high level of accuracy. Although there are still some challenges, such as variations in pose, facial expressions, and different lighting conditions, CNNs can overcome these obstacles. This study uses the CelebA dataset, which consists of 122,000 facial images of both men and women. The dataset has been processed to maintain a balanced number of samples for each gender class, resulting in a total of 101,568 samples. The data is divided into training, validation, and test sets, with 80% used for training, and the remaining 20% split between validation and testing. Eight different CNN architectures are applied, including VGG16, VGG19, MobileNetV2, ResNet-50, ResNet-50 V2, Inception V3, Inception ResNet V2, and AlexNet. Although previous research has shown the potential of CNN architectures for various classification tasks, these studies often encounter issues of overfitting on large datasets, which can reduce model accuracy. This study applies dropout techniques and hyperparameter tuning to address overfitting issues and optimize model performance. The training results indicate that ResNet-50, ResNet-50 V2, and Inception V3 achieved the highest accuracy of 98%, while VGG16, VGG19, MobileNetV2, and AlexNet achieved accuracies of 95% and 97%, respectively. Performance evaluation using confusion matrices, precision, recall, and F1-score demonstrates excellent performance.